Legislation and statutory interpretation /
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| Other Authors: | , |
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York : [United States] :
Foundation Press ; Thomson/West,
2006
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| Edition: | 2nd ed |
| Series: | Concepts and insights series
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| Subjects: | |
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Table of Contents:
- Chapter 1. An Introduction to Legislation 1
- Chapter 2. Theories of Representation 19
- I. Direct versus Representative Democracy 22
- A. Should We Have a Representative Democracy? 23
- B. Representative Plus Direct Democracy 26
- C. The Role of the Courts in Policing Direct Democracy 34
- II. Qualification and Election of Representatives 40
- A. Who Is Eligible To Serve as a Representative? 42
- B. The Right To Political Participation: Voting
- and Choice 47
- C. Fair Aggregation of Votes and Gerrymandering 51
- III. "Corruption" in Representatives' Deliberations 56
- A. Corruption the Old-Fashioned Way: Bribery 57
- B. Other Regulation of Corrupt Conflicts of Interest 58
- C. Money in Politics: Does It "Corrupt"? 61
- Chapter 3. Theories of the Legislative Process 69
- I. Proceduralist Theories 70
- A. The Legislature as an Obstacle Path 70
- B. Vetogates as a Method To Make Legislating
- Difficult and Infrequent 79
- C. The Effect of Proceduralism on Legislative Deliberation 81
- II. Interest Group Theories 83
- A. Interest Group Liberalism: Pluralism as Positive
- Force in Politics 85
- B. Public Choice Theory: Interest Groups as
- Pernicious Political Influences 87
- C. Interest Group Theories and the Transactional
- Model of the Political Process: Explanation
- and Criticisms 92
- III. Institutional Theories 99
- A. The Effect of Institutions on Decisionmaking 99
- B. Positive Political Theory: Institutionalism
- and Game Theory 104
- C. The Article I, Section 7 Game 106
- 1. Interactive, Sequential Lawmaking by
- Interrelated Actors 106
- 2. The Proposed BTU Tax: A Case Study 109
- 3. Further Developments in the Game 113
- Chapter 4. Electoral Structures 117
- I. Regulating Ballot Access and Campaigns 119
- A. The Constitutional Issues Implicated by Ballot
- Access Laws 120
- B. Criticisms of the Court's Permissive Approach
- to Ballot Access Laws 124
- C. Ballots, Voting Cues, and the Informed Voter 127
- II. Regulation of Political Parties and Their Selection
- of Candidates 134
- A. State Regulation of Parties' Methods of
- Selecting Candidates 135
- B. Judicial Involvement in Parties' Internal Decisions 139
- C. Patronage: Corrupt Practice or Politics as Usual? 141
- III. Campaign Finance Reform 143
- A. The Structure of Federal Campaign Finance
- Law Before BCRA 145
- B. BCRA: Closing the Loopholes of Soft Money
- and Issue Ads 150
- C. State Campaign Finance Reform Laws 159
- Chapter 5. Legislative Structures 163
- I. Legislative Immunities 165
- A. Speech or Debate Clause: The Sole Protection for
- Members of Congress 165
- B. Defining Legislative Acts: The Narrow Scope of
- the Speech or Debate Clause 169
- C. Immunities Accorded to State Lawmakers 172
- II. Structures that Shape Legislative Deliberation 175
- A. Single-Subject Requirements 176
- B. Due Process of Lawmaking: A Concept for
- Courts and Legislatures 181
- C. The Federal Budget Process 188
- III. The Effect of Outside Forces on the Legislative Process 196
- A. The Regulation of Lobbying: Relying on
- Disclosure To Combat Corruption 196
- B. The Line Item Veto Power 204
- C. Congressional Interaction with the Executive Branch:
- The Legislative Veto and Oversight 210
- Chapter 6. Theories of Statutory Interpretation 219
- I. Intentionalist Theories 221
- A. Specific Intent 222
- B. Imaginative Reconstruction 226
- C. Purposivism 228
- II. Textualist Theories 231
- A. The Soft Plain Meaning Rule 231
- B. The New Textualism 235
- C. Critiques of the New Textualism 238
- III. Dynamic Theories 245
- A. Best Answer Theories 246
- B. Pragmatic Theory 249
- C. Critical Theories 252
- Chapter 7. The Role of Text and Precedent in
- Statutory Interpretation 257
- I. Sources for Discerning Statutory "Plain Meaning" 259
- A. Ordinary Meaning Canons 259
- B. Canons of Word Association (Noscitur a Sociis
- and Ejusdem Generis) 261
- C. Canons of Negative Implication
- (e.g., Inclusio Unius) 263
- D. Grammar and Punctuation Rules (e.g.,
- The Rule of the Last Antecedent) 264
- E. Exceptions to Ordinary Grammar Rules (Man
- Includes Woman, Singular Includes Plural) 267
- F. Avoiding Absurd Results and Correcting
- Scriveners' Errors 267
- II. Whole Act Rule and Holistic Textual Sources 271
- A. Presumption of Statutory Consistency 273
- B. The Rule Against Surplusage 275
- C. Statutory Amendment and Evolution 276
- D. Statutory Structure 277
- E. Other Parts of the Statute: Preambles,
- Titles, Provisos 280
- F. Statutory Conflicts (No Repeals by Implication;
- Last Enacted Rule; Specific over General) 281
- III. Precedent and Statutory Meaning 284
- A. The Super-Strong Presumption of Correctness
- for Statutory Precedents 285
- B. The Reenactment Rule 290
- C. Judicial Constructions of Similar Statutes 291
- Chapter 8. Extrinsic Sources for Statutory
- Interpretation 295
- I. The Common Law 298
- II. Legislative History 303
- A. Criteria for Using Legislative History 304
- B. Hierarchy of Legislative History Sources 310
- C. The Relationship Between Legislative History
- and Plain Meaning 317
- III. Administrative Interpretations 322
- A. The Chevron Revolution? 324
- B. Scope and Details of the Agency-Deference Doctrine.. 330
- C. Critique of Strong Judicial Deference to
- Agency Interpretations 338
- Chapter 9. Substantive Canons of Statutory
- Interpretation 341
- I. An Overview of the Substantive Canons 343
- A. Liberal versus Strict Construction
- Change versus
- Continuity in Legal Regimes 343
- B. Presumptions and Clear Statement Rules 352
- C. Policies Potentially Served by Substantive Canons 355
- II. Three Important Substantive Canons 360
- A. Avoiding Serious Constitutional Issues 360
- B. The Federalism Canons 367
- C. The Rule of Lenity 375
- III. Conclusions About the Canons
- and About
- Statutory Interpretation 382